Why Do We Have Wisdom Teeth And When Should They Be Removed?

Understanding Wisdom Teeth: Why They Appear and When to Remove Them

Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last set of molars that typically emerge between the ages of 17 and 25. While some people may never develop them, others may have one to four – or even more in rare cases. But why do we have wisdom teeth, and when should they be removed?

Why Do We Have Wisdom Teeth?

From an evolutionary perspective, early humans needed large, strong molars to chew tough, raw foods such as roots, nuts, and raw meat. Wisdom teeth served this purpose by providing extra grinding power. However, as human diets have evolved to include softer, cooked foods and as dental hygiene improved, our jaws have become smaller over time, often leaving insufficient space for these final molars to erupt properly.

As a result, modern wisdom teeth often become impacted, crooked, or only partially emerge, which can lead to various oral health issues.

When Should Wisdom Teeth Be Removed?

Not all wisdom teeth need to be extracted. However, removal is often recommended in the following cases:

Recommended for Removal If:

• The wisdom teeth are impacted (trapped in the jaw or gums)

• They are growing at an angle, pressing against nearby teeth

• Recurrent pain, infection, or gum inflammation occurs

• They cause tooth decay in neighboring molars due to cleaning difficulties

• Cysts or other pathological conditions develop around the tooth

• They are affecting orthodontic treatment (such as braces)

Can Be Left In Place If:

• The teeth are fully erupted, properly aligned, and functioning well

• There are no signs of pain, infection, or decay

• They are easy to clean and do not affect surrounding teeth

How to Know If You Need to Remove Them

The best way to assess your wisdom teeth is to visit a dentist and undergo a panoramic X-ray (OPG) or CBCT scan. This imaging helps your dentist evaluate:

• The position and angle of the teeth

• Whether they are impacted or damaging nearby teeth

• Proximity to important nerves

Early Evaluation Is Key

It’s generally advised to have wisdom teeth evaluated during the late teens or early twenties. Younger patients typically have faster healing times and fewer complications after extraction. Waiting until symptoms appear can lead to more complex procedures and longer recovery.

Conclusion

Wisdom teeth are a natural part of human anatomy, but due to changes in our jaws and lifestyle, they often cause more harm than good. If you're experiencing discomfort or simply want to know the status of your wisdom teeth, consult your dentist for a professional assessment.

Early detection and management can help you maintain a healthy, pain-free smile.